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GOAN CUISINE
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GOAN CUISINE – AN INTRODUCTION
The cuisine of Goa has an interesting mix of influences from all the
cultures that it came into contact with. There are two separate
traditions in cuisine influenced by the respective religions of
Hinduism and Christianity; there are some meeting points that
present interesting harmony. One of the most popular dishes, the
pork Vindaloo is a result of this beautiful harmony. The Portuguese
cooking has a strong and telling influence on Goan Cuisine and that
should not be forgotten. Goan food is simple but one has to bear in
mind that most, though not all, of it is chili hot, spicy, and
pungent.
INFLUENCES IN CUISINE
Over hundred-kilometer long coastline along the Arabian Sea Goa
influences the culture and lifestyle of the people in a big way. It
is not to say that food is also a part of this influence. A typical
Goan would prefer seafood to all other meats and would use a lot of
coconut for cooking. Being on the Konkan coast means that the Goan
cuisine shares the spices grown in the region with the other states
on the coast like Maharashtra and Kerala. It has also drawn a lot
from the various communities that inhabited it at various times. The
Hindu and the Christian communities of Goa have their own
specialties. There are other divisions like the Brahmin and
non-Brahmin, both Hindu and Christian, which all offer culinary
variations to the originals. Some of the lesser-known but equally
important influences on the Goan cuisine are the Kashmiri, Muslim
and Portuguese and African, apart from the tribals who lived in the
dense, rain-drenched forests of ancient Goa.
STAPLES
Rice, fish, and coconut are the basic components of the typical Goan
food platter. Delicacies made from these three items can be expected
in nearly every Goan meal. Besotted with seafood, the Goans find
truly world-class prawns, lobsters, crabs, and jumbo pomfrets along
the coastline and use them to make a variety of soups, salads,
pickles, curries, and fries. An essential ingredient in Goan cooking
is coconut milk made by grating the white flesh of a coconut and
soaking it in a cup of warm water. Equally important is the ‘kokum’,
a sour, deep red colored fruit that gives it a sharp and sour flavor.
The famous red Goan chilies are also a must for most dishes, as is
tamarind. Goans make their own version of vinegar from toddy. Then
there are innumerable chutneys that are typical of the state.
Goa is not particularly known for
its vegetarian dishes. While Hindus like lamb and chicken,
Christians prefer pork. However, both prefer fish and seafood to any
other meat.
METHODS
Traditional Goan cooking calls for plenty of muscle and time.
Grinding is always part of the recipe and the nicer the dish the
longer it takes to make. Although the styles of the various
communities, past and present, have had their effect on each other,
the gravies of each style are at a complete variance. The names used
are the same, as are the ingredients used, for making a delicacy,
yet their aroma, flavor, taste, texture, and color can be completely
different. Subtle differences in ingredients or their use make the
outcome of these similar recipes so different. The Christians prefer
to use vinegar, while the Hindus use kokum and tamarind to get the
tang in their respective cuisines. The northerners of Goa grind
their coconuts and masalas (spices) individually while the southern
Goans like to grind them together, and then pass it through a fine
muslin cloth to retain the goodness. Many times people vary the pork
to mutton and chicken to make the various curries. Although coconut
is an essential part of the everyday cooking, there is no coconut in
several of the popular delicacies like rissois de camarao, sopa
grossa, balchao and vindaloo, and that
wedding favourite,
caldo. And, naturally, when sardines are cooked with tomato puree
and olive oil in the Portuguese manner, coconut is absent.
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